مراتب الأدلة السمعية وأثرها في ضبط أحكام التكفير دراسة أصولية تأصيلية في ضوء قواعد الثبوت والدلالة
The Hierarchy of Scriptural Evidences and Its Role in Regulating Takfīr Rulings
Keywords:
Scriptural Evidences, Takfīr, Islamic Legal Theory, Usūl al-Fiqh, Thubūt and Dalālah, Certainty and Probability, Islamic Creed, Evidential Hierarchy, Conditions of Takfīr, Theological JudgmentAbstract
This study explores the role of the hierarchy of scriptural evidences, based on their levels of authenticity (thubūt) and indication (dalālah), in regulating the rulings of Takfīr (excommunication) through an Usūl al-Fiqh framework.
The research examines the classification of religious evidences and analyzes how variations in their certainty and interpretive strength influence judgments related to belief and disbelief. It emphasizes that scriptural evidences differ in their levels of authority and certainty, and that such differences have a significant impact on the formulation and application of Takfīr rulings.
The study further highlights the importance of methodological verification, distinguishing between the evaluation of a statement or action and the judgment upon a specific individual, which requires the fulfillment of necessary conditions and the removal of relevant impediments.
Adopting an inductive and analytical methodology, this research analyzes classical works of Islamic legal theory and theology to demonstrate the scholarly principles that maintain a balance between preserving foundational beliefs and avoiding premature declarations of disbelief.
