تحولات القيم الدينية في الجامعات الباكستانية: أثر العلمانية والفكر المعاصر (دراسة تحليلية وتجريبية)

Transformations of Religious Values in Pakistani Universities: The Impact of Secularism and Contemporary Thought (Analytical and Experimental Study)

Abstract

This study critically examines the manifestations of secularism and contemporary intellectual trends within Pakistani universities and analyzes their impacts on religious values, moral orientation, and Islamic identity. Drawing on a mixed research methodology, the study combines theoretical and analytical review of relevant literature with an empirical survey conducted among students and faculty members from public and private universities across Pakistan. The theoretical framework contrasts secular educational philosophy with the Islamic concept of education, highlighting differences in the objectives of knowledge, the role of morality, and the sources of epistemology. Empirical findings reveal that a significant proportion of students perceive secular and liberal campus environments, curricula, and pedagogical practices as contributing to a decline in religious commitment, ethical clarity, and collective Islamic identity. The study further identifies curriculum design, globalization, media influence, and the privatization of religion within academic discourse as key drivers of these changes. In the Pakistani constitutional and ideological context, this growing disconnect between Islamic values and higher education creates intellectual and moral tensions. The study concludes that a balanced educational model—integrating Islamic perspectives with contemporary knowledge frameworks—is essential for addressing identity crises, ethical relativism, and value-based dissonance in Pakistani universities. Policy-oriented recommendations are proposed to reform curricula, enhance faculty training, and foster constructive dialogue between Islamic and modern intellectual traditions.