استفہامیہ تدریس کا نبوی ﷺ ماڈل: جدید سائنسی و تعلیمی اصولوں کے تناظر میں ایک تحقیقی جائزہ

The Prophetic Model of Question-Based Pedagogy: A Critical Study in the Light of Contemporary Scientific and Educational Principles

Abstract

A dynamic and successful teaching strategy that promotes students' cognitive engagement, intellectual autonomy, reasoning skills, and conscious participation is question-based pedagogy. This approach was a key component of the Prophet Muhammad's ⷺ missionary and educational activities. He addressed subjects according on his audience's intellectual level, cleared up any confusion in their minds, and encouraged introspection, serious thought, and a genuine desire to learn by posing questions. The goal of this study is to critically examine the Prophetic model of question-based learning from pedagogical, psychological, and scientific angles. This study examines the efficacy of the Prophetic ·� teaching technique using current ideas from educational psychology, neuroscience, and learning theories like constructivism and inquiry-based learning. According to scientific research, learning through questions stimulates important brain areas linked to understanding, memory, analysis, and problem-solving, especially the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex. Furthermore, question-driven learning improves brain connections, which leads to longer-lasting, more profound, and more efficient knowledge retention. From a psychological perspective, questions help students develop self-efficacy, curiosity, and intrinsic motivation—all of which are crucial for meaningful learning in today's classrooms. When posing or responding to questions, the Prophet ﷺ considered his audience's emotional states, social settings, and cognitive tendencies in addition to their intellectual capacity. The educational theories of Jean Piaget, Lev Vygotsky, and Jerome Bruner, who highlighted the significance of connecting learning to the learner's past experiences, are strongly aligned with this learner-cantered approach. Additionally, the Prophetic Seerah's (biography) question-based teaching approach fostered moral growth, social justice, spiritual knowledge, and collective consciousness. The Prophet exemplifies the best teaching practices in real life through his engaging conversations with his companions, his perceptive answers, and his contextually relevant questions

This study concludes that the Prophetic ﷺ paradigm of inquiry-based teaching is completely in line with the tenets of contemporary science and is not limited to religious or moral teachings. Education as well as psychology. The learning process can be made more sustainable, intellectually stimulating, and supportive of comprehensive personal development by incorporating this paradigm into current educational systems—in teacher preparation, curriculum creation, and classroom practices.