ماحولیاتی تبدیلی کے تناظر میں قدرتی وسائل کا تحفظ اور تقسیم کار: قرآنی تعلیمات کی روشنی میں تجزیاتی مطالعہ

Conservation and Equitable Distribution of Natural Resources in the Context of Climate Change: An Analytical Study in the Light of Qur’anic Teac

Abstract

Natural resources constitute the foundation of a nation’s economic growth, social welfare, and environmental stability. They are not merely material assets but safeguards of human survival and continuity. Through them, the protection and restoration of ecosystems become possible, biodiversity is preserved, cultural heritage is safeguarded, and the impacts of natural disasters can be mitigated. In recent decades, however, the accelerating phenomenon of climate change has intensified environmental vulnerabilities worldwide, including in Pakistan—manifesting in extreme weather patterns, declining water resources, rising temperatures, and increased ecological imbalance. Pakistan has been blessed with invaluable treasures such as fertile lands, abundant water, dense forests, rare wildlife, rich minerals, vast energy reserves, and extensive marine resources. Yet the reality remains that these resources are finite and increasingly threatened by both anthropogenic pressures and climate-induced disturbances. Rapid population growth, unsustainable consumption patterns, and industrial expansion exert mounting pressure on these resources, creating serious challenges regarding their equitable distribution, responsible utilization, and long-term preservation. The unequal access to water, land degradation, depletion of forests, overexploitation of minerals, and mismanagement of energy resources raise critical questions about social justice, environmental sustainability, and the moral responsibility of human beings as stewards of the Earth. In this context, it becomes imperative to cultivate awareness of environmental ethics at the national level, reminding every individual and institution of their duty to reflect upon the signs of creation, uphold justice, and adopt attitudes of balance, moderation, and collective welfare. In truth, these resources are a trust bestowed by Allah Almighty, and it is incumbent upon the present generation to utilize them with prudence so that the rights of future generations are not compromised. This paper therefore examines: What ethical, legal, and socio-economic principles does the Qur’an provide for the preservation, just distribution, and climate-responsive utilization of natural resources? Through an analytical study of Qur’anic teachings, Prophetic Sunnah ﷺ, and contemporary environmental challenges, this research aims to develop an Islamic framework that guides policymakers, communities, and individuals toward responsible and sustainable stewardship of the environment and its resources.